Sources. The map of the part of Siberia south of Tobolsk
RGADA (Rosiiskii Gosudarstvennyi Arkhiv Drevnikh Aktov – Russian State Archive of Old Acts, Moscow), Hold.…
Regional Analytics & Portraits
by Sergei Rasskasov
RGADA (Rosiiskii Gosudarstvennyi Arkhiv Drevnikh Aktov – Russian State Archive of Old Acts, Moscow), Hold.…
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The limits of the cartographic image: from Volga river and Caspian Sea in the west to “part of the Pacific Sea” in the east; from Tobolsk in the north to Tibet, parts of Tangut and “the river Inda” in the south. Peking, the Great Wall of China, the Korean Peninsula, and islands near the mouth of Amur river are depicted too. The content of the map: political entities (with coloured borders), cities, elements of the nomadic cultural landscape (mainly through inscriptions), rivers, lakes, and mountains.
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RGADA (Russian State Archive of Old Acts), Hold. 192, Reg. 1 (II/i/Tobolsk governorate), file 2: ‘Map of Siberian Governorate from Starii Utyatskii outpost to Itysh river and Chernolutskaya sloboda where places for line from Kirgis Kaisaks Steppe were seen’.
A colored map, made with black ink on paper and folded into 6 parts. Seen in archive by 9 people from 1960s. Borders of the mapped territory: from the Verkhneyeitskaya krepost’ in the lower right corner to Tobolsk in the middle of the upper frame, to the middle flow of Irtysh river, the Omsk fortress and the Achairskii outpost in the east (right edge of the map). Content of the map: rivers, cities, fortresses, outposts, redoubts, settlements, some villages, the Old Ishim line.
Nine administrative subdivisions are in Old Siberia: Pelym, Verchoturye, Yekaterinburg, Turinsk, Tyumen and Tobolsk uezds, province of Iset, district of Yalutorovsk. Redoubts and fortresses of ‘New Ishim border line’. fortresses of ‘Irtysh border line’, ‘Steppe of nomadic Kirgiskaisaks’. Thirteen uezds in the rest of Siberia. Cities, slobodas and villages at well known (for descriptor) parts are situated pretty rough: regular mix ups of the river banks, some important settlements are absent, some small random points may appear on the map.
In the 1620-30s, on some maps, instead of the city Sibiria/Sibir, Tobol metroplis Sibiriae appears – by this time, the Siberian Khanate (and its capital Sibir) had not existed for about half a century – since the Russian conquest. Meanwhile, maps reproducing old authoritative samples also continued to be printed. Sometimes in the same atlas, maps giving information of varying relevance coexist, with a gap of several decades or more.
ПУНКТ ОДИН: царица наук. Экономисты в последнее время наплодили какое-то большое число “хунвейбинов”, призывающих каждого…
Siberian cities were formed as administrative units through late XVII – early XIX century. Representation of the power, military capabilities and authorities’ superiority was the main function of any city in Siberia under Muscovite Tsardom as well as early Russian Empire. These administrative units magnetized other types of settle – merchant and post road free settlements (torgovyye i yamskiye slobody), ethnic communities, and rarely industrial localities (zavody). Otherwise any city distinct by military facilities was a center of a cluster for different population groups practicing mixed types of activity at different localities.